In recent years, blood pressure has become an increasingly important topic in Malta’s public health conversation. With our Mediterranean lifestyle that blends sun, good food, and close-knit communities, it’s easy to assume we're shielded from modern health challenges. But data shows that hypertension (high blood pressure) is a growing issue across the Maltese Islands and one we can’t afford to ignore.
What Is Blood Pressure and Why Does It Matter?
Blood pressure is the force your heart uses to pump blood through your arteries. It’s measured using two numbers:
- Systolic pressure (the top number) – the pressure when the heart beats
- Diastolic pressure (the bottom number) – the pressure when the heart rests between beats
A normal reading is typically below 120/80 mmHg. Readings consistently above 140/90 mmHg may indicate hypertension, which can quietly damage your heart, kidneys, and blood vessels over time.
Hypertension in Malta: A Silent Epidemic
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) and local health authorities, cardiovascular diseases remain one of the leading causes of death in Malta, and high blood pressure is one of the biggest contributors. Recent studies show that:
- Roughly 1 in 4 adults in Malta live with high blood pressure.
- Many are unaware of their condition until serious complications arise.
- The risk increases significantly after age 40, but younger people are not immune, especially with rising rates of obesity and sedentary lifestyles.
What’s Causing High Blood Pressure in Malta?
While genetics do play a role, much of the issue comes down to lifestyle habits, including:
- High salt intake – Maltese cuisine, although delicious, can be rich in salt, especially with processed or pickled foods.
- Lack of physical activity – Desk jobs, long commutes, and digital lifestyles contribute to inactivity.
- Smoking and alcohol – Still prevalent among some groups.
- Stress – Work pressure, financial concerns, and fast-paced modern living can all raise blood pressure levels.
How to Check Your Blood Pressure
Monitoring your blood pressure at home is easy, affordable, and one of the best ways to stay informed. Here are a few tips:
- Use a CE-marked validated digital blood pressure monitor
- Take readings at the same time each day, preferably in the morning and evening.
- Avoid smoking, eating, caffeine, or exercise 30 minutes beforehand.
When to See a Doctor
If your readings are consistently high or you’re experiencing symptoms like headaches, dizziness, or chest discomfort, speak to your GP. Malta has a strong public healthcare system, and many private clinics also offer blood pressure management and heart health assessments.
Regular check-ups are especially important if you have:
- A family history of hypertension or heart disease
- Diabetes
- Kidney conditions
- Obesity or a sedentary lifestyle
What You Can Do: Lifestyle Tips for a Healthier Heart
Good news: High blood pressure is preventable and manageable with a few adjustments to your lifestyle.
- Eat Smart - Choose fresh, whole foods like fruits, vegetables, legumes, and lean proteins. and limit processed meats, canned goods, and salty snacks.
- Move More - Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate activity most days — walking along the promenade, swimming, dancing, or even gardening counts!
- Cut Back on Smoking and Alcohol. Best to Quit - Both raise blood pressure and increase cardiovascular risk. Consider joining one of Malta’s smoking cessation programs.
- Manage Stress - Incorporate relaxation techniques like yoga, mindfulness, or even a simple walk by the sea into your daily routine.
Blood Pressure Deserves Your Attention
Living in Malta offers many health advantages sunshine, access to fresh food, and a vibrant social life. But high blood pressure doesn’t discriminate. Whether you’re 30 or 70, staying on top of your cardiovascular health should be a priority.
Start by checking your blood pressure regularly, adopting heart-friendly habits, and speaking to your doctor about any concerns. It’s a small step that could make a huge difference to your long-term health.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult your doctor before making any health-related decisions.
References
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Global Nutrition Report, 2023. Malta Nutrition Profile. [online] Available at: https://globalnutritionreport.org/resources/nutrition-profiles/europe/southern-europe/malta [Accessed 7 Apr. 2025].
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Directorate, 2023. How Much is Your Blood Pressure? [online] Available at: https://hpdp.gov.mt/sites/default/files/2023-07/How_Much_is_your_Blood_Pressure_en.pdf [Accessed 7 Apr. 2025].
MaltaToday, 2024. Heart disease was Malta’s leading cause of death once again in 2023. [online] Available at: https://www.maltatoday.com.mt/news/national/133691/heart_disease_was_maltas_leading_cause_of_death_once_again_in_2023 [Accessed 7 Apr. 2025].
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Public Health England, 2022. Salt and Health. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/salt-and-health [Accessed 7 Apr. 2025].
Sciberras, J., Gauci, D. and Calleja, N., 2017. Hypertension in Malta: A Cross-sectional Study. Malta Medical Journal, [online] 29(3), pp.14–21. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5592416/ [Accessed 7 Apr. 2025].
University of Malta, 2018. Improving Hypertension Control in Primary Care: A Local Perspective. Journal of the Malta College of Family Doctors, [pdf] 7(2). Available at: https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/50756/1/JMCFD7%282%29A4.pdf [Accessed 7 Apr. 2025].
Eurostat, 2023. Cardiovascular Diseases Statistics. [online] Available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Cardiovascular_diseases_statistics [Accessed 7 Apr. 2025].
